The appeal of the test episodes was lower than they preferred, so the producers re-shot the street segments. However, children attended to the shows during the Muppet segments, but their interest was lost during the street scenes, which featured only humans and were considered "the glue" that "pulled the show together". The producers found that the results were "generally very positive". They were never intended for broadcast, but were presented to preschoolers in 60 homes throughout Philadelphia in July 1969. Shortly before the show's premiere, the producers created five one-hour episodes so that they could test if children found them comprehensible and appealing. According to writer Tony Geiss, the addition of storylines changed the nature of the show.ĭuring Sesame Street 's development in 1968, the producers followed the recommendation of child psychologists, who advised them to not allow the direct interaction of the human actors and Muppets because the experts were concerned it would confuse and mislead young children. Although the stories were usually about 10–12 minutes in length, it would take 45 minutes to tell them. The writers presented a story, separated by several inserts, dispersed throughout the hour-long show. By 1990, research had shown that children were able to follow a story, so the street scenes were changed to depict storylines. Instead, they consisted of individual segments connected to the curriculum and interrupted by inserts, or puppet skits, short films, and animations. "Street scenes"Īt first, the show's "street scenes", which referred to the action taking place on the brownstone set, were not story-based. The show's magazine format accommodated both the curriculum and its demanding production schedule. Producers found that if the show's segments were sufficiently varied in character, content, style, pace, and mood, children's attention was able to be sustained throughout each episode. As Lesser stated, "It is unlikely that any other approach would have provided enough room to present material on the wide range of goals we had selected". The structure allowed them to have flexibility, meaning that segments were dropped, modified, or added without affecting the rest of the show. As a result, each episode was structured like a magazine, which made it possible for the producers to create a mixture of styles, paces, and characters. When Sesame Street was developed, most researchers assumed that young children did not have long attention spans, so the new show's producers were concerned that an hour-long show would not hold their audience's attention. The format changed as the target audience did by 2002 its main viewers were around two years old, while back in the 1960s the intended audiences were aged three through five. The producers of Sesame Street expanded the new format to the entire show in 2002. The popular, fifteen-minute long segment, " Elmo's World", hosted by the Muppet Elmo, was added in 1998 to make the show more accessible to a younger audience. At first, each episode was structured like a magazine, but in 1998, as a result of changes in their audience and its viewing habits, the producers researched the reasons for its lower ratings, and changed the show's structure to a more narrative format. It was the first time a more realistic setting, an inner city street and neighborhood, was used for a children's program. The format of Sesame Street consisted of a combination of commercial television production elements and educational techniques. According to researchers, it was also the first to include a curriculum "detailed or stated in terms of measurable outcomes". The show, which premiered in 1969, was the first to base its contents, format, and production values on laboratory and formative research. It utilizes the conventions of television such as music, humor, sustained action, and a strong visual style, and combines Jim Henson's Muppets, animation, short films, humor, and cultural references. Sesame Street is an American children's television program that is known for its use of format and structure to convey educational concepts to its preschool audience, and to help them prepare for school.
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